Visual Pigments in Solution and Membrane

Charge stabilization mechanism in the visual and purple membrane pigments.

The effects of charged groups of rhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin on the potential energy surface of their chromophore are examined, taking into account the protein dielectric effect. It is found that the barriers for twisting double bonds of an isolated chromophore can be drastically reduced when the chromophore interacts with the protein charges. New types of local minima are found in the grou...

- 1 - Cone Visual Pigments

the role of visual aids and translation in teaching vocabulary in est

the present study investigated the effect of the two vocabulary teaching techniques in est, namely the use of translation and the use of visual aids as two separate vocabulary teaching techniques. to answer the question of the study, a pretest (michigan test) was administered to the 58 randomly selected est students at khajeh nasiredin tusi university, faculty of mechanics. after the homogeneit...

Photolytic Lipids from Visual Pigments

A method is described for the preservation of iodopsin, the labile photopigment of daylight vision, by freeze drying in vacuo. The lipids released by the action of light on rhodopsin and iodopsin are found to be similar and to possess a labile absorption spectrum in chloroform, with a rising peak at about 390 mmicro and a declining peak in the region of 470 mmicro. After the change is complete ...

Evolution of vertebrate visual pigments

The visual pigments of vertebrates evolved about 500 million years ago, before the major evolutionary step of the development of jaws. Four spectrally distinct classes of cone opsin evolved through gene duplication, followed by the rod opsin class that arose from the duplication of the middle-wave-sensitive cone opsin. All four cone classes are present in many extant teleost fish, reptiles and ...